Place of Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Urology Department of the University Hospital Pr Bocar Sidy Sall in Kati

Introduction: Minimally invasive surgery represents all endoscopic, laparoscopic, or laparoscopic techniques, and robot-assisted surgery. The objective is to assess the role of minimally invasive surgery in the department’s surgical activities.

Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study spanning from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023, i.e., a period of three years. Our study included all patients who underwent endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery.

Results: Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 346 patients, representing 67.57% of our surgical activities. Males were the most prevalent, representing 81.50%, with a sex ratio of 4.40. The age group of 61-80 years was the most represented, representing 48.55%. The majority of our patients presented with lower urinary tract symptoms, representing 50.82%, followed by hematuria, representing 18.78%. The urine culture was positive in 110 patients (32.2%). The isolated organism was Escherichia coli in 45.4%. Cystoscopy was performed in 41 patients (12%). TURP was the most commonly performed endoscopic procedure (44.67%). We performed 8 cases of laparoscopic surgery. The outcome was favorable in 97.66% of cases at 72 hours postoperatively. The main complication was renal failure (2.16%), the cause of which was anemia. Ionic disturbances such as hyperkalemia accounted for 10%. These ionic disturbances were normalized 48 hours after the procedure.

Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery is progressing in our urology department. It has revolutionized the management of urological pathologies. This technique must be encouraged to improve the quality of care as well as the comfort of urologists.

Keywords: Surgery, minimally invasive, endoscopy, laparoscopy.